Which of the following best describes the physiologic response after a major burn?

The best description of the physiological response after a major burn is a hypermetabolic state with increased caloric demands. After a severe burn injury, the body undergoes significant physical stress, leading to an increased metabolic rate. This hypermetabolic response is characterized by the body's heightened need for energy and nutrients to support healing processes, which include tissue repair, immune function, and recovery from injury.

In the aftermath of a major burn, the body's metabolism can increase by as much as 2 to 3 times the normal rates due to the metabolic demands of the healing process. This means that the patient will require a significantly higher caloric intake to meet these increased demands and support wound healing, as well as to prevent muscle loss and maintain overall health.

Understanding this hypermetabolic state is crucial for nursing care, as it informs dietary planning and nutritional support strategies for burn patients. Ensuring that they receive enough calories and proteins can help promote healing and improve patient outcomes. Thus, recognizing and addressing the body’s increased caloric requirements after a major burn is essential in the management of such injuries.