What should the nurse assess first for a patient with facial and chest burns from a house fire?

In the context of a patient with facial and chest burns from a house fire, the initial assessment should focus on respiratory function. The priority is to determine if there is any airway compromise, particularly because burns on the face and chest might indicate potential inhalation injury or swelling that could obstruct the airway.

Auscultating lung sounds allows the nurse to identify any abnormal respiratory patterns or the presence of wheezing or stridor, which can indicate airway edema or obstruction. Early recognition of these critical symptoms is essential for preventing severe respiratory distress, which can develop rapidly in burn victims, especially those exposed to smoke or hot air.

While evaluating the extent and depth of the burns, infusing IV fluids, and administering pain relief medication are all vital aspects of care, they follow the immediate necessity to ensure the patient’s airway is secure. Prompt attention to respiratory issues can be lifesaving, as management of the airway is the highest priority in any burn situation with potential inhalation injury.